BLUF: Bottom Line Up Front
The Georgia Heath Enslaved and their descendants all have one
thing in common; they named their children after each other!!! So you are
connected to Benjamin Heath, well which one? How about Phelps Heath or Felts
Heath, again which one? You said Samuel, oh ok, but again which one? And you
thought you descended from William, Isaac, Abraham, Ransom, Foster, Peter,
Daniel, Anachy, Rebecca and again, I still ask you WHICH ONE? So the theory was birthed, the Heaths must have been related to one another.
After beginning my Heath family research in 1988 and digging
deeper beginning in February 1993, I only knew as far back to my 2nd
Great-Grandfather, Phelps
"Tug" Heath who was born in Hancock County, Georgia. I also
thought his first name was spelled Phelps, but it turns out it is spelled
Felts. When I first began researching the Georgia Heaths, there were many and
the many were spread from east Georgia counties such as Richmond,
Burke, Emanuel, Washington, Greene, Hancock, Warren, Wilkes, Jefferson,
Screven, and Glascock to
west Georgia counties such as Harris, Talbot, Taylor,
Houston, Pulaski, Monroe (in the middle), Macon,
Muscogee, and Troup counties
just to name a few but all these counties had one thing in common, they were
all located in central Georgia and along the Central Georgia Railroad.
As I looked at the Georgia county map in 1993, I was fascinated
by the fact that there were so many Heaths, black, white, mulatto, you name it
and they were all living near one another with some right next door or over in
the next county and with many instances where the names appeared to mimic one
another. Abraham, Henry, William, Daniel, Foster, Peter, Benjamin, Jefferson,
Turner, Asberry, Dollie, Celia, Hannah, Caroline, Anachy, Ellen, Lena, Sylvia,
Rachel/Rachael, and Harriett seemed to be the most popular names in the Heath
families. It is because of the naming convention and county proximities with
one another I capitalized on the notion and teaching point that repetition
is significant in family research.
In the Beginning: Finding the Heath Enslaved and their owners
Finding the Heath Enlaved was not all that hard as the 1870
census was filled with black Heath families in all the counties named above and
I'm certain, I have probably missed a few. Once again, the names repeated themselves
in all the counties with Benjamin, Abraham, Peter, and William topping the list
for the males and Harriett, Eliza, Ellen, Sylvia (Silvie), and Rachel/Rachael
topping the list for the females. The children's names also were very
repetitious and many families lived next door to one another, with some also
living next door to the white Heaths which meant there was a clue to the slave
and slave owner relationship. Bingo, it was time to dig deep!
My slave owner research began by tracing the white Heath families
in order to establish connections as well as migration patterns. I began
mapping which Heaths were present on the 1870 census and worked backwards from
there. It seemed all roads lead back to a white Heath named William and
his parents as well as North Carolina back to Surry County, Virginia. And it
was also through William, all roads led back to his father Adam, and Adam’s African Enslaved female named Doll who was
identified with seven other Enslaved.
The African Enslaved female Doll was identified as 1 of 8 Enslaved imported from Africa by the Barrow family and subsequently purchased by Adam Heath in
1695. Their purchase was associated with Adam having been granted 386 acres in
Surry County on the south side of the James River. William Heath was the son of Adam
and Sarah Heath of Surry County, Virginia and husband of Elizabeth Gee-Heath. William and
Elizabeth had a son named Thomas Heath
who was married to a Sarah. Thomas and Sarah's sons Adam Heath, Abraham Heath,
and Richard Heath were the original
Enslaved owners of many Heath slaves in Wilkes, Burke, and Warren counties in east
central Georgia (but originally from or descendants of Enslaved from Halifax
County, North Carolina) as well as our connection to the North Carolina to Georgia
migration between 1782-1790. Thomas and Sarah’s Enslaved servants were the descendants of
Doll, which has been confirmed through the historical documents of Adam Heath
and his son, William Heath.
Thomas Heath received several of his Enslaved servants from his father
William and ultimately passed down either as gifts or through his last will and
testament, June 13, 1772 (Halifax County, North Carolina) the same Enslaved and
their descendants to his sons Adam, Abraham, and Richard. I am focusing this
background story on the three sons for a reason and that is the North Carolina
to Georgia migration. Thomas Heath died in Halifax County, North Carolina in
1773, Abraham Heath and Richard Heath died in 1807 in Warren County, Georgia.
Many of the Virginia Heath Enslaved servants and their offspring were documented in the
wills thereby providing a connection to one another as well as a connection to
the white Heath enslavers. The Enslaved servants born in Virginia moved along with their
children to Halifax County, North Carolina not by choice but forcibly by
obligation as Enslaved servants to the white Heath families and subsequently some of the
Heath Enslaved were born in Halifax County and then their offspring were born in
Georgia.
Our
Ancestors’ Heath Expansion in Georgia: Abraham Heath & Richard Heath's Enslaved and the Migration Westward
Abraham Heath was in three specific counties in Georgia namely
Burke, Wilkes, and Warren. Abraham's trail connects many theories of slave
connections and relationships as well as just how did the Enslaved get to those
specific areas. One caveat to that is Warren County was formed around 1794/95
out of Wilkes County. Burke County is just southeast of both Warren and Wilkes
Counties. Richard Heath's records show he was primarily in Warren County, but
nonetheless both Abraham and Richard owned a great number of Enslaved servants as
documented in their last will and testament, for Abraham dated November 23,
1807 and probated January 4, 1808; for Richard Heath May 26, 1807 and
probated January 4, 1808.
Abraham's Enslaved were willed to his wife, Winnifred
Cotton-Heath, and his children: John Heath, Sarah "Sally"
Heath-Chapple (Chappell), Benjamin Heath (who was married to Nancy and relocated to Monroe
County, GA; will dated September 10, 1838 and probated January 6, 1840),
William Heath (who was married to Sarah Bonner-Heath; will dated December 12,
1813 and probated July 4, 1814 and Sarah's will dated February 3, 1846 and
probated September 7, 1846), Adam Heath, Elizabeth Heath, Polly Heath-Barrow,
Richard Heath, and Frances "Fannie" Burge Heath-Highfield, and
Abraham Heath. Richard's Enslaved were willed to his wife, Rebecca Chappell-Heath, and his children Chappell Heath, Mack Heath,
Elizabeth Heath-Hill, Sarah Heath-Moreland, Nancy Heath-Wright, Temperance
"Tempy" Heath-Dewberry, Henry Heath (who was also willed land purchased from Burrell Searcy), Rebecca
Heath, and Richard Heath.
Between brothers, Abraham Heath and Richard Heath, and other associated
families such as the Hubert, Ivey, Flewellyn (Fluellen), Barksdale, Felts,
Chapple/Chapel/Chappell, Dickson/Dixon, Battle, Barrow, and Wright families owned and
more likely shared labor among the Heath Enslaved throughout Warren, Wilkes,
Burke, and surrounding counties as well as the migration through central
Georgia and into Alabama.
One notable Heath Enslaved servant who was rented was Clack Heath who was a skilled worker and worked for the Barksdale,
Hubert, Ivey, Felts, Dickson, and Battle families and was described in many
instances as a skilled and reliable worker. Another skilled Enslaved servant was Elisha "Lige" Heath who was a
skilled wheelwright. Both Clack and Lige were owned by Henry Heath, son of
William Heath and grandson of Abraham Heath, and it can be assumed as well as proven through documentation that they
were willed or given to Henry by William who also most likely received their Enslaved parents from Abraham Heath and Winnifred Cotton-Heath through their wills in
the early 1800s. Over in Talbot County, another Heath slave named Titus Heath worked for the railroad and
bought his freedom and possibly his wife's freedom. Titus is a descendant of Celia "Celey" Heath as well
as Dollie "Doll" Heath. Coupled
with the fact of slave owning families migrating, the railroad expansion across
central Georgia played a vital role in the migration of all Heaths and their
families as well as the expansion and interaction of Heath Enslaved servants with other
plantations, providing slave labor for the building of the Central Georgia
Railroad, and becoming skilled and reliable workers while traveling with the
enslaver(s).
Benjamin Heath, son of Abraham and Winnifred, relocated to
Monroe County, Georgia with a great number of Heath slaves. Benjamin
and his wife Nancy were the parents of Mary Ann Louisa Heath, Benjamin Green
Heath (who relocated from Georgia to Cass
County (formerly known as Davis County for a few years), Texas), Abraham Heath, William
Lafayette Heath (he also relocated from
Monroe County Georgia to Macon County, Alabama where he married Catherine
Wilson and finally relocated to Cass County, Texas), and George Chapple (Chappell) Heath. The most interesting part about Benjamin and his family, we can clearly
trace Heath Enslaved of Abraham and Winnifred that were willed to Benjamin who
then passed them and their children down to his sons and daughter. The same
Heath Enslaved servants migrated with the white Heaths from Warren County to Monroe County,
Georgia, then over to Macon County, Alabama, and finally to Cass County, Texas.
Some of the Enlaved included were Isaac, Dice, Tillman (known as Tillman Heath Dickerson), Mamie (Mymy in wills), Henry, Charles (known
as as Charles Heath Richardson), Jeffery, Turner, Abraham, Fanny, Mary,
Lydia, Anachy, another Fanny (girl listed
in September 1838 will of Benjamin), Julius Caesar, Miles, and Jack. These
Enslaved and many others appear in the 1870 Census in Davis County (as previously mentioned, Davis later reverted back to the original name, Cass County shortly after 1870 around 1872/73).
Understanding the Family Connection and
Accepting the Past
For many years, I questioned just how are all these Heath
families were connected and how and why did so many move west from Georgia into
Alabama and onto Texas. From Texas, many also relocated to Oklahoma, Arkansas,
and California. There were so many migration patterns, but the Heaths and their
associated cousins from the Richardson, Dickerson, Haskins, Walker, Hubert,
Barksdale, Battle, Dickson, Searcy, Harrell, Flewellyn/Fluellen, Rousseau/Russeau/Russaw/Russell
and Ivey families all seemed to follow the same patterns and this is a direct
correlation to the enslaved owner and Enslaved relationship as well as how Enslaved families were relocated with the slave owners. Fast forward to today, DNA
testing is confirming the links related to the Virginia to North Carolina to Georgia
to Alabama to Texas migration of the above families. It is an awesome feeling
knowing the documented research coupled with historical documents confirming
both white and black families and DNA matches is ensuring we understand the family
connections and begin the process of accepting our past.
In the instance of the great migration from Georgia to Texas,
many black families were still in Georgia after the Civil War and appear in the
1870 and 1880 Census in Warren, Hancock, Talbot, Taylor, Monroe, and Muscogee
counties many by 1880 and most by 1900 began appearing in Texas with their
families right along with the previously mentioned slave families who relocated
prior to 1870 between the years of 1850-1865. This can all be verified through
many Texas voter registration lists from 1866-1867 which documented the year of
arrival, years living in a given state, and associated years living in a
particular county. Voter registrations and agricultural documents provided key
details in identifying black Heath family members and associated families.
Another interesting revelation is the fact there had to be some form of
communication between the Enslaved families after leaving Georgia as they were
reunited after the Civil War and some years after 1870 and the 1880 Census. One
thing is certain, the Enslaved and later emancipated black families remained connected not only
thru naming convention but by occupation as well as the connection back to the
white families who originally enslaved them. Slavery is not something to cherish,
but it is something our Ancestors survived, conquered, and taught each surviving
generation how to survive and advance forward. As a result of our Ancestors' strength,
perseverance, and unwavering faith, we must understand, acknowledge, and accept
our past.
Thank You Ancestors for Preserving Our
Family!
I am grateful for our past even the bad parts as without all of
it, many of us would not be here today. Whether we accept slavery or not,
whether we accept kinship between the slave owners or the slaves, or whether we
accept the fact our Ancestors worked for less than their potential and
worth or not is not the issue. Our present day issue of not wanting to
accept the past and realize it was reality should not be an issue at all, but
instead it should be our purpose to take the "issues" and past wrongs
of this country enslaving others and leap forward and preserve our Ancestors'
legacy. My Ancestors had purpose and my Ancestors had worth!! Today, the next
hour, the next few moments, and throughout the journey of researching the
Ancestors, my purpose and our purpose should be to preserve the legacy of our
Ancestors as they guide us to greater and greater depths of knowledge as we
continue to break down the brick walls. I acknowledge the purchase of the Enslaved female named Doll by Adam Heath in
Virginia and I am grateful for her journey, her descendants becoming my
Ancestors, and for the Ancestors birthing a great family spread abroad from
coast to coast.
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Humbly and Respectfully submitted in Honor of the Ancestors,
Danté Eubanks, August 24, 2017
Special Note: This writing includes over 20 years of combined
research and collaboration beginning in 1988.
